If you have ever suffered from genital warts you will know it can be a painful and unsightly experience.
What are genital warts?
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HPV can be divided into several sub-categories. Some types are more resistant to treatment than others, and some are associated with the early stages of cancer in the genitals.
Genital warts are a very common viral sexually transmitted disease. The disease usually hits young people in their 20s.
How do you get genital warts?
Genital warts are mainly spread through sexual contact.
What are the signs of genital warts?
Genital warts do not appear until two to four weeks after infection and sometimes months pass before the warts become visible.
Genital warts do not usually hurt, but they can be itchy. The warts have varied appearances - from completely flat warts to rough cauliflower-like warts. They can appear on their own or in groups.
In males, genital warts often appear on the penis or underneath the foreskin. The warts can also be situated in the urethra, in most cases at the very end of it, and the area around the rectum.
In females, genital warts appear on the lips of the vulva, in the vagina, or by the urethra. Genital warts can also appear in and around the rectum.
Genital warts can be so flat that they become invisible to the naked eye, but they usually make themselves felt through an itchy and burning sensation. 'Invisible' genital warts can be detected by a doctor as described below.
Who is at risk?
- People with many sexual partners.
- People who do not practice safe sex.
- Use a condom - it will partially protect you against genital warts.
- Anyone in doubt should contact their doctor who will examine and treat them and also their partner or partners.
- A sudden and strong eruption of genital warts could suggest a defect in the immune system perhaps caused by HIV - anyone affected should contact their doctor immediately.
- Through a clinical examination.
- To detect 'invisible' genital warts the doctor will swab the skin with acetic acid. The genital warts will then show as white patches on the skin.
- It is important that both partners are treated. Make sure you follow the treatment - genital warts are easy to treat when they are small and few.
- Genital warts can be treated by swabbing with the cell poison, podophyllotoxin (Condyline).
- Some cases may be referred to a specialist in skin and sexually transmitted diseases who will remove the warts under local anaesthesia using surgery, freezing, or laser treatment.
- Anyone who has previously been infected with genital warts runs the risk that they will return now and then for the rest of their life. However, sometimes there is only one outbreak.
- The treatment can last for months.
- Some wart types are thought to be connected to the occurrence of cell changes in the neck of the uterus and cancer in the sexual organs. It is therefore a good idea for women with genital warts in the vagina to have a smear test as well as following the prescribed treatment and having the normal tests.
- It is not necessary to be referred to a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic by a doctor. You can arrange an appointment directly, and in total confidence. Contact phone numbers are always listed in the phone book.

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